<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seppo Leminen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mervi Rajahonka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mika Westerlund</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Towards Third-Generation Living Lab Networks in Cities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">city</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">co-creation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Living lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">networks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">smart city</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">third-generation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/1118</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21-35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Many cities engage in diverse experimentation, innovation, and development activities with a broad variety of environments and stakeholders to the benefit of citizens, companies, municipalities, and other organizations. Hence, this article discusses such engagement in terms of next-generation living lab networks in the city context. In so doing, the study contributes to the discussion on living labs by introducing a framework of collaborative innovation networks in cities and suggesting a typology of third-generation living labs. Our framework is characterized by diverse platforms and participation approaches, resulting in four distinctive modes of collaborative innovation networks where the city is: i) a provider, ii) a neighbourhood participator, iii) a catalyst, or iv) a rapid experimenter. The typology is based on an analysis of 118 interviews with participants in six Finnish cities and reveals various ways to organize innovation activities in the city context. In particular, cities can benefit from innovation networks by simultaneously exploiting multiple platforms such as living labs for innovation. We conclude by discussing implications to theory and practice, and suggesting directions for future research.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Seppo Leminen is a Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences in Espoo, Finland, and he serves as an Adjunct Professor of Business Development at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland, and an Adjunct Research Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and Management from the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, innovation ecosystems, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. Results from his research have been reported in &lt;em&gt;Industrial Marketing Management,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;Journal of Business &amp; Industrial Marketing, Management Decision,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;International Journal of Technology Management,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;International Journal of Technology Marketing,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;International Journal of Product Development,&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;Technology Innovation Management Review,&lt;/em&gt; among many others.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences XAMK
Mervi Rajahonka, DSc (Econ), works as an RDI Advisor at the Small Business Center (SBC), currently a part of the South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences XAMK, Finland, and as an Adjunct Research Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She has been working at the SBC for about 10 years, participating in numerous EU-funded projects. She earned her doctoral degree in Logistics from the Department of Information and Service Economy at Aalto University School of Business in Helsinki, Finland. She also holds a Master’s degree in Technology from the Helsinki University of Technology and a Master’s degree in Law from the University of Helsinki. Her research interests include sustainable logistics and supply chain management, high-tech and service business models, service modularity, and service innovations. Her research has been published in a number of journals in the areas of logistics, services, and operations management.</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor of Technology Innovation Management at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His current research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries.</style></custom3></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukka Ojasalo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heini Kauppinen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collaborative Innovation with External Actors: An Empirical Study on Open Innovation Platforms in Smart Cities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaboration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">innovation intermediaries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">innovation platform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PPPP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">public innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">public–private–people partnership</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">smart city</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">urban development</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/1041</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49-60</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Despite the rapid increase of public–private–people partnership (PPPP) programs at the global scale, the scientific knowledge of collaborative innovation in cities is scarce. All smart city initiatives emphasize collaborative innovation for better services and products to address the needs and problems of modern cities. Indeed, there is an evident need for both scientific and practical knowledge in this area. Based on an extensive empirical study of open innovation platforms in smart cities, this article seeks to address this knowledge gap by increasing the knowledge of opportunities and challenges of collaborative innovation between a city and external actors, including companies, third sector organizations, research institutions, and citizens. The opportunities relate to novel services, products, and solutions, as well as economic gains, regional development, and systemic and process improvements. The challenges relate to city governments and external actors.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Jukka Ojasalo is a Professor and current Head of the Master of Business Administration Degree Programme at Laurea University of Applied Sciences in Finland and Adjunct Professor at Aalto University School of Business and Helsinki University Faculty of Social Sciences. He completed his PhD at Hanken Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration in Helsinki, Finland in 1999. Previously, he was Professor of Marketing at Lappeenranta University of Technology as well as at Turku School of Economics and Business Administration. Prior to his academic career, he worked for several years in the IT industry and for the Finnish government. He has published two textbooks and many articles on service, customer relationships, networks, and innovation.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Heini Kauppinen is an experienced service design professional who holds an MBA from Laurea University of Applied Sciences in Finland. As a student, she was a member of the research group for this study the opportunities and challenges of collaborative innovation between a city and external actors. Her work and research interests include service innovation and design, co-creation, and project management.</style></custom2></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukka Ojasalo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lassi Tähtinen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integrating Open Innovation Platforms in Public Sector Decision Making: Empirical Results from Smart City Research</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">innovation intermediary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open innovation platform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">public decision making</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">smart city</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/1040</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38-48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The purpose of this article is to increase knowledge of integrating an open innovation platform into public sector decision-making processes. Many of the distinctive characteristics of public sector decision-making processes pose a challenge for innovation collaboration with external actors. Often, external actors are not aware of these distinctive characteristics, or they find it very difficult to adapt to them. Particularly SMEs and startups find it difficult to adjust their operation to public sector decision-making processes. The existing literature includes very little knowledge of how such an innovation platform, which is an intermediary between a city and external actors, relates to the city’s decision-making processes. Still, this is an important issue considering the prerequisites of the success of an innovation platform. This qualitative explorative study is based on data from in-depth interviews and co-creative multi-actor workshops with participants from city governments and other organizations. It proposes a model of open innovation platform for public sector decision making in a city. The article contributes to the literature dealing with innovation intermediaries as well as public sector decision making in enhancement of innovation. It identifies and introduces three different kinds of relationships that are present and partly interwoven in open innovation platforms and intermediary organizations: governing, sparring, and collaborative. The prosed model shows a practical way of organizing the three types of relationships of an innovation platform with the city’s decision making and external actors. The model also helps in combining different decision-making cultures between the public, private, and third sectors in the context of collaborative innovation. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Jukka Ojasalo is a Professor and current Head of the Master of Business Administration Degree Programme at Laurea University of Applied Sciences in Finland and Adjunct Professor at Aalto University School of Business and Helsinki University Faculty of Social Sciences. He completed his PhD at Hanken Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration in Helsinki, Finland in 1999. Previously, he was Professor of Marketing at Lappeenranta University of Technology as well as at Turku School of Economics and Business Administration. Prior to his academic career, he worked for several years in the IT industry and for the Finnish government. He has published two textbooks and many articles on service, customer relationships, networks, and innovation.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Lassi Tähtinen is a Research Assistant at Laurea University of Applied Sciences in Finland, where he holds a bachelor's degree in Business Administration and Management. As described in this study, his current research is focused on a project aimed at developing a framework for an open innovation platform/intermediary between a smart city and the private sector/third sector.  </style></custom2></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taina Tukiainen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seppo Leminen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mika Westerlund</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cities as Collaborative Innovation Platforms</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collaborative innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">creative citizen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">industry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Living lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open innovation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">smart city</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/933</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In this article, we focus on the role of a city as an orchestrator for innovation. We argue that cities should establish active dialogue with their citizens,  and private and public sectors actors to co-create, develop, test, and offer service innovations that utilize diverse sets of platforms such as living labs. Our research contributes to the discussions of open and user innovations from the perspective of cities as communities that involve and integrate citizens and companies to collaborative innovation activities. While acknowledging that cities are platforms for simultaneous and divergent innovation initiatives, we identify four principal types of collaborative innovation. Cities serve as platforms for: i) improving everyday life; ii) conducting consumer and citizen experiments; iii) experimenting and implementing new technologies and services; and iv) creating new innovations and economies. Finally, we offer guidelines for fostering collaborative innovation activities between the public and private sectors.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aalto University
Taina Tukiainen is a Senior Researcher at Aalto University in Espoo, Finland, and she is a Cabinet Member of the President of the European Union Committee of the Regions (CoR). She has worked for over 20 years within industry and universities and for over 10 years at Nokia Corporation as a senior manager, and she has worked on various projects with international university and industry collaboration. She was, until 2014, Director of Digibusiness Finland. Her research interest is strategic research including innovation, technology management, and entrepreneurship. Taina's doctoral dissertation was &lt;em&gt;The Unexpected Benefits of Internal Corporate Ventures: An Empirical Examination of the Consequences of Investment in Corporate Ventures&lt;/em&gt; (2004), and the topic of her latest book was &lt;em&gt;The Finnish Startups in Globally Evolving Ecosystems: Value for Finland&lt;/em&gt; (2014). She has recently published papers in &lt;em&gt;Organization Science&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;MIT Sloan Management Review&lt;/em&gt;. </style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurea University of Applied Sciences
Seppo Leminen holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the School of Business at Aalto University in Finland. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a licentiate degree in Information Technology from the Helsinki University of Technology, now the School of Electrical Engineering at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, value co-creation and capture with users, relationships, services and business models in marketing, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. Results from his research have been reported in &lt;em&gt;Industrial Marketing Management,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;Journal of Technology and Engineering and Management, Management Decision,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;International Journal of Technology Management,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;International Journal of Technology Marketing,&lt;/em&gt; the &lt;em&gt;International Journal of Product Development,&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;Technology Innovation Management Review&lt;/em&gt;, among many others.</style></custom2><custom3><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His current research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries.</style></custom3></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carina Veeckman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shenja van der Graaf</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The City as Living Laboratory: Empowering Citizens with the Citadel Toolkit</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">citizen involvement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Living lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">open government data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">smart city</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">toolkit</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">03/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/877</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-17</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lately, the concept of smart cities has been changing from a top-down and mostly technological-driven approach, towards a bottom-up process that facilitates participation and collaboration among city stakeholders. In this latter respect, the city is an ecosystem in which smart applications, open government data, and new modes of participation are fostering innovation. However, detailed analyses on how to manage bottom-up smart city initiatives, as well as descriptions of underlying challenges and barriers, are still scarce. Therefore, this article investigates four collaborative smart city initiatives in Europe to learn how cities can optimize citizen involvement in the context of public sector innovation. The analytical framework focuses on the different stakeholder roles in the ecosystem and the civic capacities to participate in the innovation process. The findings illustrate how more inclusive citizen involvement can be realized by providing different tools that align with the specific capacities and skills of the citizens. Furthermore, through specified workshop formats and peer learning, citizens lacking technical skills were also enabled to participate in the evolution of their cities, and to generate solutions from which both the city and everyday urban life can possibly benefit. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Carina Veeckman is a researcher at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, where she started working for the iMinds-SMIT research group in 2011. Until March 2013, Carina was responsible for the living lab methodology within the Flemish Living Lab Platform, which included numerous projects within the smart grids, smart media, and smart cities domains with a test panel of 2,000 users. Her current research and interests are related to open data and the co-creation of mobile applications within a smart city context, measuring related impact and outcomes, and monitoring the willingness to share personal data when using these applications. Currently, she manages and conducts user research in the following smart city projects: Citadel on the Move (2012–2015), Open Transport Net (2014–2016), and the European Cloud Marketplace for Intelligent Mobility (ECIM) (2014–2016).</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Shenja van der Graaf (PhD, LSE) heads the Code, Commodification &amp; the City (Digital Cities) cluster at iMinds-SMIT at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel in Belgium. She is a researcher at the London School of Economics and Political Science in the United Kingdom, an honorary fellow at MIT Media Lab ID³ Hub in the United States, and a Futures of Entertainment fellow, also in the United States. Her current work is concerned with social, economic, and policy issues arising from innovations associated with the ICT. Specific lines of inquiry include the integration of new technologies into society; management of technological innovation in firms, cities, and communities; (new) media users and &quot;cultures of expertise&quot;; mediation of social and economic life, theoretical perspectives; and cybersecurity.</style></custom2></record></records></xml>