<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olukayode Adegboyega</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Representing Botnet-Enabled Cyber-Attacks and Botnet Takedowns Using Club Theory</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">botmaster</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">botnet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">botnet takedown</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collective action</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cyber-attack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cybersecurity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">06/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/905</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35-44</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A model for executing and resisting botnet-enabled cyber-attacks and botnet takedowns does not exist. The lack of this representation results in ineffective and inefficient organizational decision making and learning, hampers theory development, and obfuscates the discourse about the “best-case” scenarios for the future of the online world. In this article, a club theory model for botnet-enabled cyber-attacks and botnet takedowns is developed. Initiatives to execute and resist botnet-enabled cyber-attacks and botnet takedowns are conceptualized as collective actions carried out by individuals and groups organized into four types of Internet-linked clubs: Attacker, Defender, Botbeheader, and Botmaster. Five scenarios of botnet-enabled cyber-attacks and five scenarios of botnet takedowns are examined to identify the specific dimensions of the three constructs and provide examples of the values in each dimension. The developed theory provides insights into the clubs, thereby paving the way for more effective botnet mitigation strategies. This research will be of particular interest to executives and functional personnel of heterogeneous organizations who are interested in improving the quality of their communications and accelerating decision making when solving botnet-related problems. Researchers applying club theory to examine collective actions of organizations linked by the Internet will also be interested in this research. Although club theory has been applied to solve problems in many fields, this is the first effort to apply it to botnet-related problems.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Olukayode Adegboyega holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management (TIM) from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada and a Bachelor in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from the Federal University of Technology in Akure, Nigeria. He has worked as an IP Network Service Engineer at LM Ericsson Nigeria Limited and as a Data Communication Network Engineer at Globacom Limited of Nigeria. </style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mehdi Kadivar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyber-Attack Attributes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attack characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">attributes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cyber-attack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cybersecurity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/846</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22-27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyber-attacks threaten our ability to use the Internet safely, productively, and creatively worldwide and are at the core of many security concerns. The concept of cyber-attacks, however, remains underdeveloped in the academic literature. To advance theory, design and operate databases to support scholarly research, perform empirical observations, and compare different types of cyber-attacks, it is necessary to first clarify the attributes of the “concept of cyber-attack”. In this article, attributes of cyber-attacks are identified by examining definitions of cyber-attacks from the literature and information on ten high-profile attacks. Although the article will be of interest to a broad community, it will be of particular interest to senior executives, government contractors, and researchers interested in contributing to the development of an interdisciplinary and global theory of cybersecurity. </style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Mehdi Kadivar is completing his MASc in Technology Innovation Management at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from the American University of Sharjah, Iran. Previously, he worked as a system maintenance expert at the Petrochemical Industries Design and Engineering company and as an intern at the Emirates National Bank of Dubai.</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen Han</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rituja Dongre</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Q&amp;A. What Motivates Cyber-Attackers?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Technology Innovation Management Review</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cyber-attack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cybercrime</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cybersecurity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hackers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">motivation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10/2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/838</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">40-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Chen Han is a graduate student in the Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She has more than 8 years working experience in product design, User interface design and project management. She built and led an independent technical team that provides overall solutions and outsourcing services for various clients including world's top media, Internet startups, and multinational firms. Currently, she is working with founder team of Pricebeater, a global startup offering tools for online shopping in North America.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Rituja Dongre is a graduate student in Technology Innovation Management (TIM) program at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She holds a Bachelor's Degree in Electronic and Telecommunication from the Nagpur University, India, and has worked as an Associate Consultant in Capgemini India.</style></custom2></record></records></xml>