<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G.R. Gangadharan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Licensing of Open APIs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open Source Business Resource</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/243</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Two major trends in software development today are the open source paradigm and the notion of software as a service. The combination of these has lead to the concept of open APIs and mashups. Since late 2005, there has been a rapid proliferation of applications, referred to as mashups, that combine data and services provided by third parties through open APIs with data sources owned by users. Open APIs give users access to the data or services of an information technology platform. A well-known example is the Google Maps API, which generates maps for a given location, whose output can be combined with other data and services into mashups.

Combining services and data from multiple sources raises several issues related to intellectual rights in mashups. However, the concept of mashups is currently in a nascent stage, and service and data providers often underestimate the relevance of these issues. In this paper we give an overview of open API licensing and provide examples from current open APIs. We then briefly discuss licensing of open APIs. 
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2009</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Articles</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novay
Dr. G.R. Gangadharan is a research scientist at the Novay (Telematica Institute), Enschede, The Netherlands. His research interests are mainly located on the interface between the technological perspective and the business perspective. His research interests include Service Oriented Computing, Internet Software Engineering, Intellectual Property Rights, Free and Open Source Systems, and Business Models for Software and Services. </style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G.R. Gangadharan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Weiss</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An Introduction to Rights Expression Languages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open Source Business Resource</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2007</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/105</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The objective of this article is to: i) extend the discussion of licensing to non-software assets and ii) provide an introduction to rights expression languages (RELs). Licensing is not limited to software. We can associate a license with any kind of asset that holds intellectual value, and can thus be turned into a source of revenue. Here, our interest is on information assets, which include software and software components, but also services, processes, and content. For instance, a song that a user downloads from iTunes is an information asset. So is a web service such as the Google Maps API (application programming interface).</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2007</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Articles</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novay
G.R. Gangadharan is a doctorate student in University of Trento, Trento, Italy. His research interests include Free/Open Source Software Systems, Service Oriented Computing, Internet Software Engineering and Web 2.0, and Business Models of Software and Services.</style></custom1><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carleton University
Michael Weiss holds a faculty appointment in the Department of Systems and Computer Engineering at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, and is a member of the Technology Innovation Management program. His research interests include open source ecosystems, service-oriented architectures and Web 2.0, business process modeling, social network analysis, and product architecture and design. Michael has published on the evolution of open source communities and licensing of open services.</style></custom2></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G.R. Gangadharan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Software Licensing</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Open Source Business Resource</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07/2007</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://timreview.ca/article/97</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talent First Network</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ottawa</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G.R. Gangadharan discusses the many dimensions of software.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2007</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Articles</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novay
G.R. Gangadharan is a doctorate student in University of Trento, Trento, Italy. His research interests include Service Oriented Computing, Intellectual Property Rights, Free/Open Source Software Systems, Software Engineering, and Business Models of Software and Services.</style></custom1></record></records></xml>