%0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2021 %T Urban Living Labs and Transformative Changes: A qualitative study of the triadic relationship between financing, stakeholder roles, and the outcomes of Urban Living Labs in terms of impact creation in the city of Groningen, the Netherlands %A Stefano Blezer %A Nurhan Abujidi %K Impact Creation %K Transformative Changes %K Trust Building %K urban living labs %X Urban Living Labs (ULLs) have become a popular instrument for finding solutions to urban challenges faced by cities. While ULLs have achieved a certain level of normalisation in cities, a general lack of understanding remains regarding the character and purpose of the ULL phenomenon still leaves many challenges open to be overcome. One challenge involves the potential impact of ULLs in contributing to meaningful transformative changes. By combining a literature review with a comparative case study of three ULLs in the city of Groningen, the Netherlands, this study confirms and adds to current theoretical positions taken about how to overcome the challenge in terms of holding a shared ideology and reviewing the concepts of agency and power. It also shows that opportunity comes along with trust-building among stakeholders in ULLs, as a way to enhance their potential in practise. Consequently, this study calls for further research regarding underexplored theories and models of ULLs, power dynamics in ULLs, and into their self-sustaining character, both in terms of social adoption and ownership, as well as financial sustainability. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 11 %P 73-87 %8 12/2021 %G eng %U timreview.ca/article/1466 %N 9/10 %1 Zuyd University of Applied Sciences Stefano Blezer is a lecturer and researcher in Spatial Planning at Zuyd University of Applied Sciences in the Built Environment Academy and Smart Urban Redesign research centre. He holds a BSc. in Spatial Planning at the eponymous institute (2017) and a MSc. in Socio-Spatial Planning from the University of Groningen, the Netherlands (2020). His BSc. is about Urban Living Labs and its applicability in the context of Limburg, and his MSc. thesis is about Urban Living Labs and their potential to shape systemic changes in doing urban development. His expertise and interest mainly revolve around the relationship between the physical built environment and human behaviour, as well as related themes such as spatial justice, spatial inequalities, or co-creation governance and collaboration modes. Blezer also advocates an established role for spatial planning in achieving the UN SDGs. %2 Zuyd University of Applied Sciences Nurhan Abujidi is Associate Professor at Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, where she is the Head of the Smart Urban Redesign research centre. She leads urban renewal projects in multiple neighbourhoods and cities in Limburg, including Maastricht, Heerlen, and Kerkrade. Abujidi holds a doctor’s degree in Architecture, Urban Design and Regional Planning from KU Leuven (Belgium). At this university, she also completed a post-graduate master’s degree in Architecture of Human Settlement. Abujidi was a teacher in international, post-graduate programmes at the Belgian universities KU Leuven and Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB). At VUB, she was the academic coordinator of the Erasmus Mundus UII-module Urban Studies. As a vice-dean and senior researcher at the School of Architecture of San Jorge University (Zaragoza), Abujidi led multiple research projects on urban development. Her expertise includes urban renewal, public space revitalisation, and tactical urbanism. %& 73 %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1466 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2019 %T Editorial: Living Labs (March 2019) %A Chris McPhee %A Anna Ståhlbröst %A Abdolrasoul Habibipour %A Mari Runardotter %A Diana Chronéer %K accelerators %K business models %K frameworks %K innovation %K living labs %K Open innovation %K stakeholders %K sustainability %K tools %K UN Sustainable Development Goals %K urban living labs %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 9 %P 3-5 %8 03/2019 %G eng %U https://timreview.ca/article/1220 %N 3 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. He has nearly 20 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Luleå University of Technology Anna Ståhlbröst is the Chair Professor in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. Her research interests focus on the possibilities and challenges with the ongoing digital transformation for people, organizations, and society. In particular, she is interested in the citizen perspective when digital service innovations are developed within the context of urban living labs for smart cities and regions. Her research is related to different application areas such as smart cities and regions, crowdsourcing, everyday use, and online privacy. Her research has been published in several international journals, conference proceedings, and books. %3 Luleå University of Technology Abdolrasoul Habibipour is a PhD student in Information Systems at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden and is a User Engagement Expert at Botnia Living Lab, Sweden. His research focuses on user engagement in living lab context, with a particular emphasis on users’ motivations and needs. Abdolrasoul has experience teaching and supervising students at the undergraduate and postgraduate level and also serves as a reviewer in various international conferences and scientific journals. He has been involved in international innovation and research projects such as Privacy Flag and USEMP projects and is currently working in UNaLab and U4IoT projects, all of which are financed by the European Commission. %4 Luleå University of Technology Mari Runardotter is a PhD in Social Informatics from the Luleå University of Technology. Since 2009 she has been working as Senior Lecturer, at the division Computer Science, at Luleå University of Technology. Her research focuses on social, societal and organizational effects of IT, primarily in the area of e-government and e-governance. She is also interested in issues related to availability and accessibility of cultural heritage materials. In her research Runardotter uses theories and methods that emphasize social, societal, cultural, organizational and gender aspects in the interaction between humans and information systems. %# Luleå University of Technology Diana Chronéer is an Associate Professor in the Information Systems department at Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. She teaches organizational development through IT and sustainable business models from a digital perspective. Her main research interests are in the areas of digital service innovation, business model development, information logistics, and project management. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1220 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2017 %T The Defining Characteristics of Urban Living Labs %A Kris Steen %A Ellen van Bueren %K characteristics %K cities %K definition %K living labs %K TIM Review %K urban living labs %X The organization of supported and sustainable urban interventions is challenging, with multiple actors involved, fragmented decision-making powers, and multiple values at stake. Globally, urban living labs have become a fashionable phenomenon to tackle this challenge, fostering the development and implementation of innovation, experimentation, and knowledge in urban, real-life settings while emphasizing the important role of participation and co-creation. However, although urban living labs could in this way help cities to speed up the sustainable transition, urban living lab experts agree that, in order to truly succeed in these ambitious tasks, the way urban living labs are being shaped and steered needs further research. Yet, they also confirm the existing variation and opaqueness in the definition of the concept. This article contributes to conceptual clarity by developing an operationalized definition of urban living labs, which has been used to assess 90 sustainable urban innovation projects in the city of Amsterdam. The assessment shows that the majority of the projects that are labelled as living labs do not include one or more of the defining elements of a living lab. In particular, the defining co-creation and development activities were found to be absent in many of the projects. This article makes it possible to categorize alleged living lab projects and distill the “true” living labs from the many improperly labelled or unlabelled living labs, allowing more specific analyses and, ultimately, better targeted methodological recommendations for urban living labs. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 7 %P 21-33 %8 07/2017 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/1088 %N 7 %1 Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions Kris Steen is a Research Fellow at the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions and the Chair of Urban Development Management at the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands, where her academic work focuses on the design of concepts and strategies that produce and promote an urban environment that meets the demands of sustainability, such as “urban living labs”. In 2016, she graduated Cum Laude in Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences at the Delft University of Technology. %2 Delft University of Technology Ellen van Bueren is Professor of Urban Development Management at the Delft University of Technology, Principal Investigator at the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions, and board member of the Leiden-Delft Erasmus Centre of Sustainability in the Netherlands. Her research and teaching focuses on the development of tangible concepts, tools, and principles for an integrated, area-centred approach to contemporary urban challenges. She is the author of scientific publications and a member of the editorial board of scientific journals in the field of policy management and urban development, and she teaches in various (inter)disciplinary educational settings for students and professionals. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1088 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2016 %T Governing Quintuple Helix Innovation: Urban Living Labs and Socio-Ecological Entrepreneurship %A Bastiaan Baccarne %A Sara Logghe %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Lieven De Marez %K distributed innovation %K quintuple helix innovation %K social ecology %K socio-ecological entrepreneurship %K urban living labs %X Growing urbanization puts pressure on both social and ecological systems. This pressure raises complex and multi-facetted challenges that can only be tackled by collaborative and distributed innovation development processes. However, theoretical frameworks that assess such collaborations are often very conceptual, with little focus on the actual governance mechanisms that facilitate them. This article studies the urban living lab concept as an inter-organizational design and multi-stakeholder innovation development process to govern the quintuple helix model for innovation by means of an action research based multidimensional case study design, which focuses on the concepts of innovation democracy, mode 3 knowledge production, the innovation ecosystem as a system of societal subsystems, and socio-ecological transition. In this way, we provide a more profound understanding of such innovation processes to tackle socio-ecological challenges by means of public–private interactions driven by eco-entrepreneurship. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 6 %P 22-30 %8 03/2016 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/972 %N 3 %1 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Bastiaan Baccarne is a Research and Teaching Assistant at iMinds-MICT, a research group within the communications department of Ghent University, where he works on the topic of user-centric innovation development in the context of (new) media and ICT. Bastiaan is also a PhD student working on citizen empowerment through the co-development of socio-technical innovations in an urban environment. Being part of iMinds Living Labs, Bastiaan works as a user researcher for several SME and startup projects, with an overall academic focus on the possibilities and limitations of user-centric innovation development ecosystems. %2 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Sara Logghe obtained a master’s degree in both History and Communication Sciences with specialization in New Media and Society at Ghent University. Her second master's thesis was Cultural Communication on the Internet: A Study on the Potential of Social Media for Cultural Institutions. A three-month internship at iMinds Living Labs encouraged her interest in research on living labs, and in May 2013, Sara joint iMinds-MICT as a Junior Researcher. Working on cultural projects within living lab research, Sara developed a specific interest in the changing library scene. %3 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman holds a PhD (2015) and Master's in Communication Sciences (2003) from Ghent University in Belgium. He joined the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in 2005 and started working at iMinds Living Labs in 2009. Together with his iMinds colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at startups and SMEs, in which he has managed over 50 innovation projects. As a senior researcher, Dimitri is currently responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of living lab projects. He also coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers from iMinds – MICT – Ghent University. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. In early 2015, he finished his PhD entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %4 iMinds – MICT – Ghent University Lieven De Marez is Research Director of the iMinds Media & ICT (MICT) research group and teaches on the topics of innovation research, media, market and ICT, and new communication technologies in the Department of Communication Sciences at Ghent University in Belgium. MICT is one of 16 research groups within iMinds, and Lieven is also part of the management team of iMinds Living Labs’ facilitating infrastructure for living lab research. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/972 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Contextuality and Co-Creation Matter: A Qualitative Case Study Comparison of Living Lab Concepts in Urban Research %A Yvonne Franz %A Karin Tausz %A Sarah-Kristin Thiel %K co-creation %K innovation ecosystem %K participation %K social innovation %K urban living labs %X Innovation development is key to transforming a product-based economy into an innovative service economy by integrating users as co-creators in real-life environments. User co-creation and user involvement are key elements in living labs. Urban living labs add not only the urban component to the conceptual design, but also societal, political, and technological questions. Fields of analysis in urban research relate to socio-spatial environment, living together, and urban policies. The leading question of this article is: to what extent can urban living labs be used as an instrument to support these fields of investigation? Comparing three different approaches for urban living labs, ranging from socially-centred to more technology-centred, we offer a more nuanced understanding of urban living lab design in diverging research contexts. All three case studies manage to go beyond testing and improving new products, which is normally the aim of existing living labs, by embedding innovation in appropriate social, structural, and institutional frameworks, and targeting civil society involvement. The community benefits from this case study comparison because it contextualizes living labs as research methodology to be applied in future urban research projects. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 48-55 %8 12/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/952 %N 12 %1 Institute for Urban and Regional Research Yvonne Franz is a post-doctoral researcher at the Institute for Urban and Regional Research within the Austrian Academy of Sciences. She studied Economics and Geography at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, the University of Cologne, and the University of Vienna, and she received her PhD on gentrification processes in New York City, Berlin, and Vienna in 2013. She is now involved in two JPI Urban Europe projects dealing with gentrification processes (Practices and Policies for Neighbourhood Improvement: Towards Gentrification 2.0) and interethnic coexistence (ICEC - Interethnic Coexistence in European Cities) that includes the urban living lab approach. She is a lecturer at University of Vienna and co-organizer of the Vienna Summer School in Urban Studies. %2 AustriaTech Karin Tausz is Head of Innovation & E-Mobility at AustriaTech. She received a Master’s degree in economics from the University of Vienna, Austria. Her experience includes policy consulting and innovation management for urban mobility, ITS and e-mobility, addressing public authorities, and companies. She was previously research coordinator at the Mobility Department of the applied science organisation AIT. She has been active for over 20 years in regional and urban development as a project manager, evaluator, and consultant with an emphasis on public participation, transport, and governance. %3 Telecommunications Research Centre Wien Sarah-Kristin Thiel is a Project Manager at the Telecommunications Research Centre Wien and is pursuing a PhD from the University of Salzburg. In her thesis, she investigates the influence of game-inspired elements in civic engagement platforms. She received a Master’s degree in Media Informatics from Ludwig-Maximilians University in Munich, Germany. During her studies, she has gained experience in the automotive industry, human–machine interaction, and mobile development. Her research interests include (mobile) human–computer interaction, interaction design, and technology in society. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/952 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2015 %T Editorial: Living Labs and User Innovation (December 2015) %A Chris McPhee %A Seppo Leminen %A Dimitri Schuurman %A Mika Westerlund %A Eelko Huizingh %K business models %K closed innovation %K context %K crowdsourcing %K innovation networks %K living labs %K Open innovation %K spaces and places %K urban living labs %K user innovation %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 5 %P 3-5 %8 12/2015 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/947 %N 12 %1 Technology Innovation Management Review Chris McPhee is Editor-in-Chief of the Technology Innovation Management Review. Chris holds an MASc degree in Technology Innovation Management from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and BScH and MSc degrees in Biology from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada. He has over 15 years of management, design, and content-development experience in Canada and Scotland, primarily in the science, health, and education sectors. As an advisor and editor, he helps entrepreneurs, executives, and researchers develop and express their ideas. %2 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Seppo Leminen holds positions as Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor in the School of Business at Aalto University in Finland. He holds a doctoral degree in Marketing from the Hanken School of Economics and a doctoral degree in Industrial Engineering and management in the School of Science at Aalto University. His research and consulting interests include living labs, open innovation, value co-creation and capture with users, relationships, services and business models in marketing, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT), as well as management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. Results from his research have been reported in Industrial Marketing Management, the Journal of Technology and Engineering and Management, Management Decision, the International Journal of Technology Management, the International Journal of Technology Marketing, the International Journal of Product Development, and the Technology Innovation Management Review, among many others. %3 iMinds and Ghent University Dimitri Schuurman holds a PhD (2015) and Master's degree in Communication Sciences (2003) from Ghent University in Belgium. He joined the research group iMinds – MICT – Ghent University in 2005 and started working at iMinds Living Labs in 2009. Together with his iMinds colleagues, Dimitri developed a specific living lab offering targeted at startups and SMEs, in which he has managed over 50 innovation projects. As a senior researcher, Dimitri is currently responsible for the methodology and academic valorization of living lab projects. He also coordinates a dynamic team of living lab researchers from iMinds – MICT – Ghent University. His main interests and research topics are situated in the domains of open innovation, user innovation, and innovation management. In early 2015, he finished his PhD entitled Bridging the Gap between Open and User Innovation? Exploring the Value of Living Labs as a Means to Structure User Contribution and Manage Distributed Innovation. %4 Carleton University Mika Westerlund, DSc (Econ), is an Associate Professor at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. He previously held positions as a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Haas School of Business at the University of California Berkeley and in the School of Economics at Aalto University in Helsinki, Finland. Mika earned his doctoral degree in Marketing from the Helsinki School of Economics in Finland. His current research interests include open and user innovation, the Internet of Things, business strategy, and management models in high-tech and service-intensive industries. %# University of Groningen Eelko Huizingh is an Associate Professor of Innovation Management at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen in the Netherlands. His academic research focuses on the intersection of innovation and entrepreneurship, marketing, and information technology. He has authored over 300 articles, has edited more than 20 special issues of journals, and has published several textbooks. His consulting activities include support of companies in their strategy and innovation efforts. He is also the Director of Scientific Affairs for the International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM) and the Director of Huizingh Academic Development, through which he has run more than 50 workshops around the world to help both junior and senior academics to publish for career advancement and to attract funding through improved written communication. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/947 %0 Journal Article %J Technology Innovation Management Review %D 2013 %T Actor Roles in an Urban Living Lab: What Can We Learn from Suurpelto, Finland? %A Soile Juujärvi %A Kaija Pesso %K innovation %K knowledge production %K networks %K regional development %K urban living labs %X There is a growing trend to involve citizens in city development to make urban areas more suitable to their needs and prevent social problems. City centres and neighbourhoods have increasingly been serving as regional living labs, which are ideal platforms to explore the needs of users as residents and citizens. This article examines the characteristics and success factors of urban living labs based on a case study of Suurpelto, Finland. Urban living lab activity is characterized by a practice-based innovation process with diffuse and heterogeneous knowledge production that aims to address urban problems of varying complexity. User involvement is critical for co-creating value, but equally important is collaboration between other living lab actors: enablers, providers, and utilizers. Enabler-driven labs can be successful in creating common goals but they need providers, such as development organizations, to boost development. Proactive networking, experimentation as a bottom-up process, using student innovators as resources, as well as commitment and longevity in development work are success factors for urban living labs. %B Technology Innovation Management Review %I Talent First Network %C Ottawa %V 3 %P 22-27 %8 11/2013 %G eng %U http://timreview.ca/article/742 %N 11 %1 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Soile Juujärvi is a Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences and Adjunct Professor at the University of Helsinki in Finland. Her research interests include moral and ethical development and innovation processes, especially networking, in living labs. From 2010 to 2012, she worked as a researcher in the Koulii (Innovation & Integration in Education) project, which was funded by the European Social Fund. She holds a Doctor of Social Science degree from the University of Helsinki. %2 Laurea University of Applied Sciences Kaija Pesso is a Principal Lecturer at the Laurea University of Applied Sciences in Finland. Her research interests include ethics and health promotion and innovation processes in living labs. From 2010 to 2012, she worked as a researcher in the Koulii (Innovation & Integration in Education) project, which was funded by the European Social Fund. She holds a Doctor of Health Sciences degree from the University of Tampere, Finland. %R http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/742