TY - JOUR T1 - Product and Service Interaction in the Chinese Online Game Industry JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2014 A1 - Patrik Ström A1 - Mirko Ernkvist KW - China KW - Korea KW - MMOG KW - network KW - online gaming KW - product and service KW - service innovation AB - This article examines the rapidly-growing online game industry in China, which is a prime example of the changing regional landscape of new creative industries in East Asia. The industry’s evolution in China demonstrates the complexity of the growth of this industry through various knowledge and production networks. Despite the fact that Chinese companies were initially a second mover in this industry and had limited technological competence, they managed to move up the value chain within a few years, from operators of foreign-developed games to game developers. The catch-up process in this creative industry has differed from traditional manufacturing industries, which reflects the responsiveness and close proximity between product and service as key elements of the online game experience. This article conceptualizes this product–service offering in the industry and highlights its requirement for a widespread geographical network, as well as close proximity and responsiveness between elements of the network. In the empirical study of the growth of the Chinese online game industry described here, we argue that Chinese companies have managed to grow by utilizing the strategic control of service, player preferences, and responsiveness in this network, and translating this control into constant incremental improvement of their game development offering. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 4 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/789 IS - 5 U1 - University of Gothenburg Patrik Ström is Associate Professor of Economic Geography at the Centre for International Business Studies, Department of Business Adminstration, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He holds a PhD in Business Adminstration from Roskilde University, Denmark and an Econ. Dr. in Economic Geography from the University of Gothenburg. Has was formerly a Pro Futura Fellow at the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in Uppsala, Sweden. His research focuses on the development of services economies in East Asia and integration of international services markets. Industries of particular interest are knowledge-intensive business services and creative industries such as online computer games. Patrik Ström is also the President of the European Association for Research on Services, RESER. U2 - Ratio Institute Mirko Ernkvist wrote his PhD in Economic History on discontinuous technologies in gaming machine manufacturing. After his dissertation, he spent two years as a JSPS postdoctoral researcher at the University of Tokyo, Japan, focusing on the formation of technology-intensive companies and industry policy in the game industry, involving studies of the game industry in Japan, Korea, and China. He has studied the policy implication of the emergence of virtual economy for the World Bank. In 2012, Dr. Ernkvist joined the Ratio Institute as a Wallander Postdoctoral Researcher. He is currently involved in research about technological change and deregulation of industries. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chinese Entrepreneurs Go Global JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Daniel Zhou KW - China KW - entrepreneurship KW - familism KW - go global KW - guanxi KW - Kirzner KW - Schumpeter AB - China may be on the tipping point of explosive global growth. In response to changes in the global economy and an economic slowdown domestically, hundreds of thousands of Chinese SMEs are being encouraged to “go global” by their central and local governments. To a Chinese company, going global requires the expansion of its existing business in other countries or the development of new ventures with partners operating in other countries. Explosive growth in China may be possible, but it will depend on an appropriate strategy for going global. For a country that has firmly established itself as an international manufacturing hub, going global requires a shift in its entrepreneurial capacity, which is the focus of this article. We first assess the current situation in China to understand its current entrepreneurial focus and capacity, as well as the impetus for change. Next, we contrast the Kirznerian and Schumpeterian views of entrepreneurship to illustrate that – to go global – Chinese entrepreneurs must shift from an emphasis on exploiting pricing inefficiencies (i.e., Kirznerian entrepreneurship) to an emphasis on innovation (i.e., Schumpeterian entrepreneurship). Finally, we examine unique characteristics of the business environment and culture in China, which are likely to impact the ability of Chinese entrepreneurs to go global. PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 2 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/524 IS - 2 U1 - Carleton University Daniel (Dongyang) Zhou is a software designer at Ciena Networks; prior to this, he has worked at a variety of technology-based companies, including Alcatel-Lucent and Nortel. He is also a Master’s student in Carleton University’s Technology Innovation Management program. His interests include open source business, strategic planning for technology-based SMEs, and international business between China and North America. Daniel was born in China and came to Canada in 2001, which gives him perspectives on both Canadian and Chinese cultures. He graduated with High Distinction in Electrical Engineering from Carleton University in 2007. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Q&A. What Does a Global Startup Need to Know to Enter China? JF - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2012 A1 - Sara Rauchwerger KW - born global KW - China KW - globalization KW - internationalization KW - market entry KW - market research KW - startup KW - strategy PB - Talent First Network CY - Ottawa VL - 2 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/628 IS - 11 U1 - Chamber of Commerce International Consortium for Entrepreneurs Sara Rauchwerger is the Founder and Director of the Chamber of Commerce International Consortium for Entrepreneurs (CCICE), an organization that connects entrepreneurs globally. She is also the Founder and Managing Director of BG Strategy, a leading global market entry services company, specializing in helping clients enter global markets including industry-specific investment opportunities. Ms. Rauchwerger brings over 20 years of business development and business strategy experience from both private enterprises and government contracts from various telecommunications, aerospace, and information technology companies. She has helped companies extend globally and has particular expertise in the Chinese market. Ms. Rauchwerger participates regularly as a speaker presenting globally, at board meetings, investor pitches, lectures, conferences, forums, university lectures, and other events. She holds an MBA Degree in International Business from the Grenoble Graduate School of Business, France, and a BS Degree in Aeronautical Engineering from San Jose State University, California. ER -