02667nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245012800055210006900183260004200252300001300294490000700307520169700314653002602011653001502037653001502052653002302067653001902090653001102109653002202120653001402142100002602156700002602182700001802208700001902226700002602245700001902271700003302290856003002323       2022                        eng d  a1927-032100aBlockchain Implementation Challenges in Developing Countries: An evidence-based systematic review and bibliometric analysis0 aBlockchain Implementation Challenges in Developing Countries An   aOttawabTalent First Networkc05/2022  a220102020 v123 aContemporary research on technology and innovation management has gauged blockchain as a catalyst for the electronic-information era. As developing countries around the globe are facing challenges to adopt and implement blockchain, this evidence-based systematic review aims to identify the implementation challenges of blockchain technology for developing countries. A total of 1,298 published documents during the period 2016-2021 from the Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect databases were explored to recognize 19 appropriate publications for research analysis using a PRISMA flow diagram. Based on the identified challenges from the thorough reviews of these 19 publications, using the association technique, the authors developed four comprehensive themes as broad challenges: technological, governance, organizational and environmental, and knowledge. Later, they performed bibliometric analyses using VOSviewer 1.6.17, and based on the bibliometric evidence constructed term co-occurrence network plots. The results show that developing countries face challenges vis-à-vis technological, governance, organizational and environmental, and knowledge issues when implementing blockchain technology. Hence, to make blockchain adoption and implementation processes successful in developing countries, these broad categories of challenges must be properly addressed. In addition, practitioners of disruptive technology, policymakers, consultants, IT experts, business people, top company managers, and above all, respective governments need to pay attention to these challenges for accelerating the blockchain adoption and implementation process in developing countries.10abibliometric analysis10ablockchain10achallenges10adeveloping country10aimplementation10aPRISMA10asystematic review10aVOSviewer1 aSaif, Abu, Naser Moha1 aIslam, K., M. Anwarul1 aHaque, Afruza1 aAkhter, Hamida1 aRahman, S.M., Masudur1 aJafrin, Nusrat1 aMostafa, Rasheda, Akter Rupa  utimreview.ca/article/147901896nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260004200219300001300261490000700274520123900281653001501520653001201535653003101547653001501578653001701593653001901610100001901629856003001648       2022                        eng d  a1927-032100aThe Diffusion of Blockchain as a General Purpose Technology Driving Digital Transformation0 aDiffusion of Blockchain as a General Purpose Technology Driving   aOttawabTalent First Networkc05-2022  a220102010 v123 aDigital transformation as a process is integrally linked to the creation and diffusion of a set of general purpose technologies (GPTs) that provide both the motive force, as well as the means, for the transformation of existing industries and the creation of entirely new ones. This article takes as its subject the diffusion of one such technology - blockchain - and explores the relationship between the Schumpeterian innovation at the core of its diffusion and digital transformation as a macro process. Theoretically, I work from Rogers' definition of diffusion as a locally heterogeneous process in which variation in a new technology&rsquo;s use and adaptation are driven by the decisions of entrepreneurs working in specific contexts, as well as Schumpeter's concept of innovation as a form of recombination. I explore variation in these processes of innovation and recombination across three broad clusters of implementations: Digital Economies, Extra-Institutional Trust, and Digital Finance. I find that each of these clusters is marked by a distinct form of innovation defined by differing patterns of recombination with other digital GPTs, and by the role that institutions and institutional actors play in this variation.10ablockchain10adigital10ageneral purpose technology10ainnovation10ainstitutions10atransformation1 aWindawi, Jason  utimreview.ca/article/147801193nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245017600055210006900231260004200300300001300342490000700355520039400362653001500756653002700771653003400798653001200832653002500844100002100869700002000890700002300910856003000933       2022                        eng d  a1927-032100aInterview: Blockchain and Digital Transformation in Financial Services. Part II: Governance and Legal Issues, Future Opportunities, Development Needs and Research Pathways0 aInterview Blockchain and Digital Transformation in Financial Ser  aOttawabTalent First Networkc05/2022  a220102060 v123 aThis interview on “Blockchain and Digital Transformation in Financial Services” between 9th Gear Technologies, Inc., CPQi and the TIM Review took place on April 22nd and 29th, 2022. The interviewees were Maryanne Morrow, CEO, Founder, and Chairman of 9th Gear, and Matthew Midson, CEO, North America, CPQi. The interview was conducted by Gregory Sandstrom, Managing Editor, TIM Review.10ablockchain10adigital transformation10adistributed ledger technology10aFinTech10aReal Time Settlement1 aMorrow, Maryanne1 aMidson, Matthew1 aSandstrom, Gregory  utimreview.ca/article/148301194nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245017700055210006900232260004200301300001300343490000700356520039400363653001500757653002700772653003400799653001200833653002500845100002100870700002000891700002300911856003000934       2022                        eng d  a1927-032100aInterview: Blockchain and Digital Transformation in Financial Services. Part I: Transformation and Adoption of DLTs, Technology and Innovation, Markets and Money Management0 aInterview Blockchain and Digital Transformation in Financial Ser  aOttawabTalent First Networkc05/2022  a220102050 v123 aThis interview on “Blockchain and Digital Transformation in Financial Services” between 9th Gear Technologies, Inc., CPQi and the TIM Review took place on April 22nd and 29th, 2022. The interviewees were Maryanne Morrow, CEO, Founder, and Chairman of 9th Gear, and Matthew Midson, CEO, North America, CPQi. The interview was conducted by Gregory Sandstrom, Managing Editor, TIM Review.10ablockchain10adigital transformation10adistributed ledger technology10aFinTech10aReal Time Settlement1 aMorrow, Maryanne1 aMidson, Matthew1 aSandstrom, Gregory  utimreview.ca/article/148200557nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245005900055210005800114260004200172300000600214490000600220653001500226653004300241653002700284653003400311856004200345       2021                        eng d  a1927-032100aCall for Papers: Blockchain and Digital Transformation0 aCall for Papers Blockchain and Digital Transformation  aOttawabTalent First Networkc07/2021  a-0 v-10ablockchain10adecentralized autonomous organizations10adigital transformation10adistributed ledger technology  uhttps://www.timreview.ca/article/145000620nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245008100055210006900136260004200205300000800247490000700255653002800262653001500290653001800305653002000323653003400343653001900377856003000396       2021                        eng d  a1927-032100aCall for Papers: Distributed Ledger Technologies for Smart Digital Economies0 aCall for Papers Distributed Ledger Technologies for Smart Digita  aOttawabTalent First Networkc02/2021  a1-10 v1110aartificial intelligence10ablockchain10acybersecurity10adigital economy10adistributed ledger technology10asmartification  utimreview.ca/article/142202245nas a2200301   4500008004100000022001400041245019100055210006900246260004200315300001000357490000700367520121700374653001501591653002101606653002601627653002501653653002701678653003201705653002401737653001501761653002401776653002601800100002601826700002101852700002201873700001801895856003001913       2021                        eng d  a1927-032100aA Cross-Pollination of Ideas about Distributed Ledger Technological Innovation through a Multidisciplinary and Multisectoral lens: Insights from the Blockchain Technology Symposium ’210 aCrossPollination of Ideas about Distributed Ledger Technological  aOttawabTalent First Networkc06/2021  a58-660 v113 aBlockchain Technology Symposium 2021 (BTS'21) is a forum where academic researchers, industry professionals, and decision makers came together to present recent advancements, discuss adoption barriers, tackle common challenges, and explore future roadmaps surrounding blockchain and its related technologies such as consensus algorithms, smart contracts, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger technologies generally. As a follow-up to BTS'18 and BTS'20, which were hosted by Ryerson University and The Fields Institute, and by popular demand, BTS 2021 gathered a diverse audience from academia, industry, and policy makers to engage in a dialogue around crucial topics in the adoption of blockchain technology, with the aim of cross-fertilizing ideas from these communities to address the challenges and seize the opportunities brought forward by this promising technology. BTS'21 featured multidisciplinary and multi-sectoral talks and presentations on four major themes: (1) decentralized finance (DeFi), (2) decentralized identity, (3) decentralized health and (4) decentralized supply chain management. This article provides reflections on some of the key insights found in the BTS&rsquo;21 presentations.10ablockchain10adecentralization10adecentralized finance10adecentralized health10adecentralized identity10adecentralized supply chains10adistributed ledgers10ainnovation10atechnology adoption10atechnology management1 aLemieux, Victoria, L.1 aMashatan, Atefeh1 aSafavi-Naini, Rei1 aClark, Jeremy  utimreview.ca/article/144502253nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260004200265300001000307490000700317520124900324653002801573653001501601653002001616653002101636653003401657653002501691653002301716653002301739653002501762653002301787653002101810653001901831653002001850653001601870100002301886856003001909       2021                        eng d  a1927-032100aDistributed Ledger Technologies and Social Machines: How to “smartify” the economy with blockchain-based digital extension services?0 aDistributed Ledger Technologies and Social Machines How to smart  aOttawabTalent First Networkc06/2021  a42-570 v113 aThis paper examines the broad impact of digitalization on economic development. More specifically, it addresses the computer science-derived notion of "social machines", along with the invention of distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) (or blockchain), as potential signposts on the pathway to "smart(er) digital economies". The paper investigates blockchain-based ecosystems as examples of social machines that assist in economic "smartification" and development. It looks at distributed ledger-based communities (DLCs) that provide examples of functioning social machines for a variety of business and personal network communications purposes. It then analyses the scaleup of DLT-based social machines by comparison with "extension services", largely in education and agriculture, which are currently undergoing processes of digitalization. Overall, this conceptual study examines the general horizons and potential impact of blockchain and social machines on the provision of online products and services, across a range of sectors and industries. The paper offers interpretative assistance to managers, entrepreneurs, technology experts, and academics with lingering questions about blockchain in and for business and economic development.10aartificial intelligence10ablockchain10adigital economy10adigital platform10adistributed ledger technology10aeconomic development10aextension services10aextension thinking10ainnovation diffusion10aInternet of Things10aledger community10asmartification10asocial machines10aweb science1 aSandstrom, Gregory  utimreview.ca/article/144901969nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245014000055210006900195260004200264300000900306490000700315520112200322653001501444653003401459653002001493653001601513653002201529653002801551653001701579100002101596700001601617700001901633700002101652856003001673       2021                        eng d  a1927-032100aAn Exploration of Blockchain-based Traceability in Food Supply Chains: On the Benefits of Distributed Digital Records from Farm to Fork0 aExploration of Blockchainbased Traceability in Food Supply Chain  aOttawabTalent First Networkc06/2021  a6-180 v113 aThere are growing internal and external pressures for traceability in food supply chains due to food scandals. Traceability refers to tracking food from the consumer back to the farm and vice versa for quality control and management. However, many traceability solutions have failed to meet the needs of supply chain stakeholders. Blockchain is a novel distributed database technology that could solve some issues of traditional traceability systems, such as cost of adoption and vulnerabilities to hacking and data tampering. This study aims to gain insights on the benefits of applying blockchain technology for traceability in food supply chains through literature review and an investigation of five companies that are experimenting with blockchain-based food traceability. Our findings suggest that, upon implementation and contribution by all supply chain participants, blockchain-based traceability can provide cost-savings, reduced response time to food scandals and food-borne illness outbreaks, improved security and accuracy, better compliance with government regulations, and thus increase consumer trust.10ablockchain10adistributed ledger technology10afood innovation10aFood safety10afood supply chain10asupply chain management10atraceability1 aWesterlund, Mika1 aNene, Soham1 aLeminen, Seppo1 aRajahonka, Mervi  utimreview.ca/article/144602223nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010800055210006900163260004200232300001000274490000700284520150400291653001501795653001901810653003401829653001701863653002201880100001601902700002701918700001801945856003001963       2021                        eng d  a1927-032100aLearning from Early Adopters of Blockchain Technology: A Systematic Review of Supply Chain Case Studies0 aLearning from Early Adopters of Blockchain Technology A Systemat  aOttawabTalent First Networkc06/2021  a19-310 v113 aBlockchain technology is widely seen as a promising technology for global supply chains, though early adoption of the technology is both costly and risky. Along with many other discouraging factors, large investments required to enter or develop a blockchain raise barriers to entry. Concerns about potential benefits, on the other hand, have led to companies questioning whether it is worth it. Consequently, many players in the global arena are still preferring to wait by observing current practices before making investments, while trying to figure out what the technology might bring them. Hence, the main purpose of this paper is to research various implementations of blockchain technology in supply chains, in order to learn from its early adopters. For this purpose, we chose case studies as the research method, which we used in a systematic way. We focused on multiple relevant case studies from previous research concerning the use of blockchain technology in supply chain practices. Through a systematic analysis of case studies, the study paper aims at bringing forward different views, approaches and results about blockchain adoption, as a way to show the pros and cons of adopting the technology under certain circumstances. The previous research was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. This paper contributes to the literature by showcasing the use of blockchain in supply chains via multiple cases to learn from early blockchain adopters in supply chain practices.
10ablockchain10adigitalization10adistributed ledger technology10asupply chain10asystematic review1 aDede, Sevda1 aKöseoğlu, Mesut, Can1 aYercan, Funda  utimreview.ca/article/144701758nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005600112260004200168300001000210490000700220520108100227653001501308653001501323653001901338653004001357653002801397653002901425100001901454700002501473856003001498       2020                        eng d  a1927-032100aBlockchain-enabled Clinical Study Consent Management0 aBlockchainenabled Clinical Study Consent Management  aOttawabTalent First Networkc02/2020  a14-240 v103 aWritten informed consent (WIC) is required in the context of voluntary participation in a clinical trial. The trial participant gives WIC in accordance with various regulatory requirements. We present a framework concept for a blockchain-based distributed ledger solution, which aims at implementing simple and secure management of WIC documentation, along the entire data value chain from acquiring consent to academic publication, and (commercially) exploiting the results of a clinical study. This may include (but is not limited to) clinical deployment, security monitoring, and conformity with data privacy and ethical standards. Thus, we present a potential “Health AI” application that goes beyond WIC documentation, to enabling the creation of a holistic data provenance trail graph. Such a framework concept aims to create sustainable value for study participants, clinicians, data scientists, and ultimately consumers. The framework’s usefulness is relevant for ensuring the ethical development of artificial intelligence applications in the healthcare domain.10aAI Ethics.10ablockchain10aClinical Study10aHealth Artificial Intelligence (AI)10aPlatform Business Model10aWritten Informed Consent1 aJung, Hans, H.1 aPfister, Franz, M.J.  utimreview.ca/article/132501301nas a2200469   4500008004100000022001400041245004000055210003700095260004200132300000800174490000700182653002700189653001500216653001900231653003000250653001800280653002100298653000900319653002100328653002100349653003400370653001300404653002000417653002400437653002300461653001400484653001300498653001500511653001000526653002100536653002100557653001900578653002000597653002400617653001300641653005100654653004100705653001400746100001800760700002300778856003000801       2020                        eng d  a1927-032100aEditorial: Insights (December 2020)0 aEditorial Insights December 2020  aOttawabTalent First Networkc12/2020  a3-30 v1010a5G technology; Bitcoin10ablockchain10abusiness model10abusiness model innovation10acrypto assets10acryptocurrencies10aDiem10aDiem Association10adigital currency10adistributed ledger technology10aFacebook10afiat currencies10afinancial inclusion10aFinancial industry10afront-end10aideation10ainnovation10aLibra10alocal currencies10aManagement Model10anot-for-profit10aresearch center10astrategic foresight10astrategy10atechnology firms; project portfolio management10atokenization; product innovativeness10avisioning1 aTanev, Stoyan1 aSandstrom, Gregory  utimreview.ca/article/141001726nas a2200649   4500008004100000022001400041245003600055210003300091260004200124300000800166490000700174653001200181653001500193653001700208653001800225653002100243653002600264653003400290653003000324653002800354653002100382653001300403653002300416653001200439653000900451653000800460653001500468653003300483653002500516653001600541653001700557653002000574653001700594653002200611653001600633653003500649653001500684653002600699653001500725653002000740653001400760653000800774653000800782653001900790653003000809653001500839653002500854653001900879653001600898653001700914653002200931653003200953653002000985100001801005700002301023856003001046       2020                        eng d  a1927-032100aEditorial: Insights (June 2020)0 aEditorial Insights June 2020  aOttawabTalent First Networkc06/2020  a3-40 v1010aBitcoin10ablockchain10acrowdfunding10acrypto assets10acryptocurrencies10adeveloping countries.10adistributed ledger technology10aEmployeedriven innovation10aentrepreneurial finance10aentrepreneurship10aEthereum10aFinancial industry10aFinTech10aICOs10aIEO10ainnovation10aintellectual property rights10ainternationalization10aIT industry10ajob autonomy10amining industry10amoral hazard10aneed for autonomy10anew company10aPorter's Five Forces framework10aregulation10ascaling company value10ascaling-up10aself-leadership10asignaling10aSME10aSTO10asustainability10atechnological environment10atechnology10atechnology readiness10atoken offering10atoken sales10atokenization10avalue proposition10avalue proposition alignment10aventure capital1 aTanev, Stoyan1 aSandstrom, Gregory  utimreview.ca/article/136302299nas a2200337   4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260004200227300001000269490000700279520132100286653001201607653001501619653001801634653002101652653000901673653002101682653002101703653003401724653001301758653002001771653002401791653002301815653001001838653002101848653001701869100002001886700002501906856003001931       2020                        eng d  a1927-032100aFacebook’s Digital Currency Venture “Diem”:  the new Frontier ... or a Galaxy far, far away?0 aFacebook s Digital Currency Venture Diem the new Frontier or a G  aOttawabTalent First Networkc12/2020  a19-300 v103 aThis article focuses on Facebook's new digital currency, initially called "Libra" and renamed in December 2020 "Diem", that has been designed and proposed by the Diem Association (formerly the Libra Association). It briefly reflects on the historical meaning of money and currency, as well as "local currencies" viewed as precursors to the new "digital currencies" or "cryptocurrencies". The paper presents a general overview of the Diem project, particularly from the perspective of financial theory and practise. It looks specifically into Diem's business model and analyzes the project's planned and potential revenue streams, according to official documents published by the Diem Association. The research identifies potential obstacles and hurdles this digital currency would (since it has not happened yet) face on launch day and assesses whether the project is feasible in its current form. In the authors' view, although some early concerns were addressed in the Diem White Paper 2.0, the Diem project is only questionably ready for commercial launch in its current state. Speaking directly to the financial aspects of the Diem Association's project, the current regulatory hurdles and institutional pressures seem difficult to bypass without making some additional noticeable and meaningful changes to Diem.10aBitcoin10ablockchain10acrypto assets10acryptocurrencies10aDiem10aDiem Association10adigital currency10adistributed ledger technology10aFacebook10afiat currencies10afinancial inclusion10aFinancial industry10aLibra10alocal currencies10atokenization1 aRrustemi, Jahja1 aTuchschmid, Nils, S.  utimreview.ca/article/140702550nas a2200385   4500008004100000022001400041245012500055210006900180260004200249300001000291490000700301520145900308653001201767653001501779653001701794653001801811653002101829653003401850653002801884653001301912653002301925653001201948653000901960653000801969653001801977653001401995653000802009653001902017653001602036653001702052653002002069100002002089700002502109856003002134       2020                        eng d  a1927-032100aFundraising Campaigns in a Digital Economy: Lessons from a Swiss Synthetic Diamond Venture's Initial Coin Offering (ICO)0 aFundraising Campaigns in a Digital Economy Lessons from a Swiss   aOttawabTalent First Networkc06/2020  a53-630 v103 aAs economies digitalize and many local businesses gradually internationalize, crowdfunding platforms have offered a new way for ventures to raise capital. Relying on distributed ledger technology (DLT, blockchain), the method of "tokenization" now seems to be the next way for digital economics to be actualised in practise. Digitalizing some of the production and selling processes through crypto-tokenization technology has brought with it new perspectives and opportunities. Any thorough consideration of the logic of "distributed systems" applied to economics is bound to see that it potentially brings considerable disruptions and significant changes in how companies get access to funding. Cryptocurrencies, and subsequently "tokens" initially issued from "initial coin offerings" (ICOs) have answered an obvious need for efficient, borderless, and secure flows of capital. This article first summarizes what early academic research tells us about ICOs based on DLTs and their factors of success. We then use the case of LakeDiamond, a Swiss venture in the business of growing and polishing synthetic diamonds, to present and contextualize the process of holding an ICO, which ultimately did not succeed. In the final section, we present two fund raising models that have recently gained traction and popularity, namely "security token offerings" (STOs) and "initial exchange offerings" (IEOs), and highlight their main advantages compared to ICOs.10aBitcoin10ablockchain10acrowdfunding10acrypto assets10acryptocurrencies10adistributed ledger technology10aentrepreneurial finance10aEthereum10aFinancial industry10aFinTech10aICOs10aIEO10amoral hazard.10asignaling10aSTO10atoken offering10atoken sales10atokenization10aventure capital1 aRrustemi, Jahja1 aTuchschmid, Nils, S.  utimreview.ca/article/136802224nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245009200055210006900147260004200216300000900258490000700267520149800274653001501772653001501787653001201802653000801814653001701822653002001839653001001859100002301869700002601892700002201918856003001940       2020                        eng d  a1927-032100aTrust, Transparency and Security in the Sharing Economy: What is the Government's Role?0 aTrust Transparency and Security in the Sharing Economy What is t  aOttawabTalent First Networkc05/2020  a5-170 v103 aTo obtain access to goods or services between people or stakeholders, some collaboration between actors is a necessary component. Sharing and a sharing economy is closely related to trust. Within the context of 'the' sharing economy, especially digital trust is assumed to play a crucial role. Access to information is a crucial digital cue which can lead to trust yet, sharing economies are subject to asymmetry of information, wherein certain actors have limited access to market information on the consumption behaviour of users, the pricing of a product and, the reliability of peers. The lack of confidential market information between actors is thus limiting the potential for collaboration, as it reduces trust between them. Governments are amongst the (usually more trustworthy) candidates to undertake critical roles in enhancing the sharing of sensitive data. This paper aims to identify the role of government in facilitating and enabling data sharing between various actors in sharing economies. In this paper, we analyse the adequacy of a government's potential role in enabling transparency, trust and security, while operating within a sharing economy scenario, based on two case studies. Additionally, the role of technology is briefly defined for digital platforms and for blockchain-based opportunities for sharing economies. The use cases for the paper concern a digital platform for industrial symbioses, and peer-to-peer electricity trading based on blockchain technology.10ablockchain10agovernment10anetwork10aP2P10apeer-to-peer10asharing economy10atrust1 aD’Hauwers, Ruben1 avan der Bank, Jacobus1 aMontakhabi, Mehdi  utimreview.ca/article/135202075nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245007700055210006900132260004200201300001000243490000600253520135000259653001301609653001501622653001201637653001701649653002001666653001301686653002301699100001901722700002101741700002101762856003801783       2019                        eng d  a1927-032100aDigital Payments: Impact Factors and Mass Adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa0 aDigital Payments Impact Factors and Mass Adoption in SubSaharan   aOttawabTalent First Networkc07/2019  a41-550 v93 aThis study explores impact factors that affect the adoption of digital payment systems in sub-Saharan Africa. In this article, we investigate the impact factors that subject-matter experts consider most important to the success of FinTech payment models. The data and their responses are evaluated through the lens of Christensen’s market-creation theory, which contends that the adoption of market-creating innovations by a mass swathe of heretofore non-consumers “pulls” framework conditions into place, including missing infrastructure and enabling regulation. Then, we compare the findings with the literature and three case studies of mobile money adoption in Kenya, South Africa, and Nigeria. This study addresses a gap in the literature regarding the payment and money transfer segment of FinTech innovations in Africa using a multiple case study methodology. We drew together information from multiple sources, including semi-structured interviews, archival data in the form of industry and regulatory reports, and observational field notes. Our findings suggest that enabling environments (Kenya) do jumpstart adoption and difficult frameworks (Nigeria) do evolve. This study will help FinTech innovators, academics, and policymakers to understand how technology and framework conditions impact payment business models in Africa. 10aadoption10ablockchain10aFinTech10amobile money10anon-consumption10apayments10asub-Saharan Africa1 aSoutter, Leigh1 aFerguson, Kenzie1 aNeubert, Michael  uhttps://timreview.ca/article/125402034nas a2200337   4500008004100000022001400041245005300055210005300108260004200161300000900203490000600212520110700218653001501325653002101340653002001361653001801381653002901399653001801428653002401446653001401470653001201484653002201496653002201518653002101540653002301561653001701584653002001601653002001621100001801641856003701659       2017                        eng d  a1927-032100aAnticipating the Economic Benefits of Blockchain0 aAnticipating the Economic Benefits of Blockchain  aOttawabTalent First Networkc10/2017  a6-130 v73 aIn this general overview article intended for non-experts, I define blockchain technology and some of the key concepts, and then I elaborate four specific applications that highlight the potential economic benefits of digital ledgers. These applications are digital asset registries, blockchains as leapfrog technology for global financial inclusion, long-tail personalized economic services, and net settlement payment channels. I also highlight key challenges that offset the potential economic benefits of blockchain distributed ledgers, while arguing that the benefits would outweigh the potential risks. The overarching theme is that an increasing amount of everyday operations involving money, assets, and documents could start to be conducted via blockchain-based distributed network ledgers with cryptographic security, and at more granular levels of detail. One economic implication of widespread blockchain adoption is that the institutional structure of society could shift to one that is computationally-based and thus has a diminished need for human-operated brick-and-mortar institutions.10ablockchain10acryptocurrencies10acryptoeconomics10acybersecurity10adigital asset registries10adigital goods10adistributed ledgers10aeconomics10aeWallet10alightning network10along tail markets10apayment channels10aprogrammable money10asmart assets10asmart contracts10astreaming money1 aSwan, Melanie  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/110202039nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260004200241300001000283490000600293520121800299653001501517653002101532653001801553653001901571653002301590653002101613653001901634653002601653653001901679653002001698100001801718856003701736       2017                        eng d  a1927-032100aA Blockchain Ecosystem for Digital Identity: Improving Service Delivery in Canada’s Public and Private Sectors0 aBlockchain Ecosystem for Digital Identity Improving Service Deli  aOttawabTalent First Networkc10/2017  a35-400 v73 aBlockchain-based solutions have the potential to make government operations more efficient and improve the delivery of services in the public and private sectors. Identity verification and authentication technologies, as one of the applications of blockchain-based solutions – and the focus of our own efforts at SecureKey Technologies – have been critical components in service delivery in both sectors due to their power to increase trust between citizens and the services they access. To convert trust into solid value added, identities must be validated through highly-reliable technologies, such as blockchain, that have the capacity to reduce cost and fraud and to simplify the experience for customers while also keeping out the bad actors. With identities migrating to digital platforms, organizations and citizens need to be able to transact with reduced friction even as more counter-bound services move to online delivery. In this article, drawing on our own experiences with an ecosystem approach to digital identity, we describe the potential value of using blockchain technology to address the present and future challenges of identity verification and authentication within a Canadian context. 10ablockchain10aconsumer privacy10acybersecurity10adigital assets10adigital attributes10adigital identity10aidentity fraud10aidentity verification10aonline privacy10aonline security1 aWolfond, Greg  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/111200745nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245004100055210003800096260004200134300000800176490000600184653001900190653001200209653001500221653001700236653002100253653001400274653001500288653001900303653001300322653002000335653001700355653001000372100001800382700001800400856003700418       2017                        eng d  a1927-032100aEditorial: Blockchain (October 2017)0 aEditorial Blockchain October 2017  aOttawabTalent First Networkc10/2017  a3-50 v710aauthentication10aBitcoin10ablockchain10acryptography10adigital identity10aeconomics10ahealthcare10ainternal audit10aservices10asmart contracts10atransactions10atrust1 aMcPhee, Chris1 aLjutic, Anton  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/110801779nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260004200228300001000270490000600280520114100286653001501427653002301442653001101465653002501476653001001501100002501511856003701536       2017                        eng d  a1927-032100aHitching Healthcare to the Chain: An Introduction to Blockchain Technology in the Healthcare Sector0 aHitching Healthcare to the Chain An Introduction to Blockchain T  aOttawabTalent First Networkc10/2017  a22-340 v73 aHealth services must balance patient care with information privacy, access, and completeness. The massive scale of the healthcare industry also amplifies the importance of cost control. The promise of blockchain technology in health services, combined with application layers built atop it, is to be a mechanism that provides utmost privacy while ensuring that appropriate users can easily add to and access a permanent record of information. Blockchains, also called distributed ledgers, enable a combination of cost reduction and increased accessibility to information by connecting stakeholders directly without requirements for third-party brokers, potentially giving better results at lower costs. New ventures are looking to apply blockchain technology to solve real-world problems, including efforts to track public health, centralize research data, monitor and fulfill prescriptions, lower administrative overheads, and organize patient data from an increasing number of inputs. Here, concrete examples of the application of blockchain technology in the health sector are described, touching on near-term promise and challenges.10ablockchain10adistributed ledger10ahealth10apatient-centred care10atrust1 aEngelhardt, Mark, A.  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/111100597nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245004900055210004600104260004200150300001000192490000600202653001500208653001300223653001500236653001900251653002000270100001700290700001700307700001800324856003700342       2017                        eng d  a1927-032100aQ&A. Is Internal Audit Ready for Blockchain?0 aQA Is Internal Audit Ready for Blockchain  aOttawabTalent First Networkc10/2017  a41-440 v710ablockchain10acontrols10agovernance10ainternal audit10arisk management1 aRooney, Hugh1 aAiken, Brian1 aRooney, Megan  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/111301307nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260004200228300001000270490000600280520063300286653001500919653000800934653001000942653002400952653001500976653002000991653001001011100001901021856003701040       2017                        eng d  a1927-032100aSmart Contract Relations in e-Commerce: Legal Implications of Exchanges Conducted on the Blockchain0 aSmart Contract Relations in eCommerce Legal Implications of Exch  aOttawabTalent First Networkc10/2017  a14-210 v73 aMuch of the discussion around blockchain-based smart contracts has focused on whether or not they operate in the same way as legal contracts. However, it is argued that most contracts are social rather than legal in nature and are entered into because the parties trust each other to perform the agreed exchange. Little has been written to address how the blockchain’s trust protocol can enable the kind of social contracting that characterized the way exchanges were conducted before the Internet. This article aims to fill that gap by exploring blockchain-based smart contracts primarily as non-contractual social exchanges.10ablockchain10alaw10alegal10aonline transactions10areputation10asmart contracts10atrust1 aRyan, Philippa  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/1110