02058nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245013000055210006900185260004200254300000900296490000600305520137000311653003401681653002301715653001401738653001301752653003201765100001901797856003601816       2013                        eng d  a1927-032100aPlatforms, Communities, and Business Ecosystems: Lessons Learned about Technology Entrepreneurship in an Interconnected World0 aPlatforms Communities and Business Ecosystems Lessons Learned ab  aOttawabTalent First Networkc02/2013  a5-150 v33 aTechnology entrepreneurs are increasingly building businesses that are deliberately anchored in platforms, communities, and business ecosystems. Nonetheless, actionable, evidence-based advice for technology entrepreneurs is scarce. Platforms, communities, and ecosystems are active areas of management research, but until recently, each has been studied in separate research programs, with results published in different venues, and often examined from the perspectives of incumbent managers or policy makers rather than entrepreneurs and new entrants.

This article re-examines these phenomena from the perspective of technology entrepreneurs facing strategic choices about interconnected systems of platforms, communities, and business ecosystems, and decisions about the nature and extent of participation. It brings together insights from a wide range of published sources. For entrepreneurs, it provides an accessible introduction to what can be a complex topic, identifies a set of practical considerations to be accounted for in decision-making, and offers a guide for further reading. For researchers and graduate students seeking practical and high-impact research problems, it provides an entry point to the research literature and identifies gaps in the current body of knowledge, especially regarding the system-level interactions between subsystems. 10aarchitecture of participation10abusiness ecosystem10acommunity10aplatform10atechnology entrepreneurship1 aMuegge, Steven  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/65501678nas a2200205   4500008003900000022001400039245011300053210006900166260004200235300000900277490000600286520095400292653003401246653002301280653003301303653004401336653003701380100001901417856003601436       2011                          d  a1927-032100aBusiness Ecosystems as Institutions of Participation: A Systems Perspective on Community-Developed Platforms0 aBusiness Ecosystems as Institutions of Participation A Systems P  aOttawabTalent First Networkc11/2011  a4-130 v13 aThis article introduces a systems perspective on community-developed platforms and the institutions that structure participation by individuals and companies. It brings together the past research about technology platforms, company participation in business ecosystems, and individual participation in developer communities, and links these codependent subsystems through resource flows, interconnected institutional arrangements, and shared governance. To achieve this synthesis, it draws on conceptual arguments from a broad range of sources, including Elinor Ostrom's research program on the economics of sustainable commons governance, Tim O'Reilly's practitioner essays about the architecture of participation, and prior management research on modularity and design, resource dependence, and systems thinking. The resulting “systems of systems” perspective is parsimonious and insightful for entrepreneurs, managers, and community leaders. 10aarchitecture of participation10abusiness ecosystem10acommunity-developed platform10ainstitutional analysis and design (IAD)10ameritocratic developer community1 aMuegge, Steven  uhttp://timreview.ca/article/495