@article {956,
	title = {The Impact of Living Lab Methodology on Open Innovation Contributions and Outcomes},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2016},
	month = {01/2016},
	pages = {7-16},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Open innovation scholars as well as practitioners are still struggling with the practical implementation of open innovation principles in different contexts. In this article, we explore the value of a living lab approach for open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Using a case study approach, we compared 27 SME projects conducted by iMinds Living Labs from 2011 to 2015. The results suggest that a real-life intervention and a multi-method approach {\textendash} both of which are methodological characteristics of living lab projects {\textendash} increase the chance of generating actionable user contributions for the innovation under development. Moreover, the results also suggest that a living lab project yields maximal value when evolving from concept towards prototype. Besides these exploratory findings, this article also demonstrates that living lab projects are a perfect "playground" to test and validate assumptions from the open innovation literature.},
	keywords = {collaboration, distributed innovation, entrepreneur, Innovation management, living labs, Open innovation, SME, startup, user innovation, user involvement},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/956},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/956},
	author = {Dimitri Schuurman and Lieven De Marez and Pieter Ballon}
}
@article {861,
	title = {Cybersecurity Skills Training: An Attacker-Centric Gamified Approach},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {01/2015},
	pages = {5-14},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Although cybersecurity awareness training for employees is important, it does not provide the necessary skills training required to better protect businesses against cyber-attacks. Businesses need to invest in building cybersecurity skills across all levels of the workforce and leadership. This investment can reduce the financial burden on businesses from cyber-attacks and help maintain consumer confidence in their brands. In this article, we discuss the use of gamification methods that enable all employees and organizational leaders to play the roles of various types of attackers in an effort to reduce the number of successful attacks due to human vulnerability exploits. 

We combine two separate streams {\textendash} gamification and entrepreneurial perspectives {\textendash} for the purpose of building cybersecurity skills while emphasizing a third stream {\textendash} attacker types (i.e., their resources, knowledge/skills, and motivation) {\textendash} to create training scenarios. We also define the roles of attackers using various theoretical entrepreneurial perspectives. This article will be of interest to leaders who need to build cybersecurity skills into their workforce cost-effectively; researchers who wish to advance the principles and practices of gamification solutions; and suppliers of solutions to companies that wish to build cybersecurity skills in the workforce and leadership.
},
	keywords = {cyber attackers, cybersecurity, entrepreneur, gamification, training},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/861},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/861},
	author = {Mackenzie Adams and Maged Makramalla}
}
@article {658,
	title = {An Ecosystem-Based Job-Creation Engine Fuelled by Technology Entrepreneurs},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {02/2013},
	pages = {31-40},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Job creation is at the centre of the rationale provided by governments and publicly funded organizations for investing in services purported to support entrepreneurs to launch and grow technology startups. However, little is known about how to design and build the engines that convert these publicly funded services into jobs in a region. In this article, we argue that the architecture of a job-creation engine fuelled by technology entrepreneurs is important and that it should be made visible to the stakeholders of a regional venture system. The manner in which the components of a job-creation engine are organized and integrated determines the effectiveness and efficiency of the conversion of public funds into jobs. Making visible the architecture of a job-creation engine enables individuals and organizations to: i) better understand the link between the investment made to service technology entrepreneurs and systematic job creation; ii) utilize the regional venture system more effectively; and iii) set the performance benchmark for capability improvement and rapid adjustment to environmental changes. The experience gained from operating Lead To Win since 2009 is used to describe the architecture of a job-creation engine fuelled by technology entrepreneurs that operate in Canada{\textquoteright}s Capital Region. Lead To Win is an ecosystem designed to help a technology venture generate sufficient revenue to create six or more knowledge jobs in the region within three years of inception. },
	keywords = {accelerator, economic development, entrepreneur, incubator, job creation, Lead To Win, startups, technology entrepreneurship},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/658},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/658},
	author = {Tony Bailetti and Sonia D. Bot}
}
@article {657,
	title = {How Can Entrepreneurs Motivate Crowdsourcing Participants?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {02/2013},
	pages = {23-30},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Crowdsourcing is a way to access a global crowd of talented people and to channel their talent and creative effort towards some useful endeavour. Technology entrepreneurs who may have limited resources, especially during the start-up phase of the business, will be attracted to crowdsourcing as a means to access funding, knowledge, subject matter experts, and resources on a global scale. In this article, we review the published research on crowdsourcing as it relates to motivation, and distil the insights from that research that will be useful to technology entrepreneurs. First, we organize the published research into three streams according to crowd type: i) task-based public crowd, ii) information-exchange public crowd, and iii) employee-based crowd. Next, we identify the motivational drivers common to all streams as well as the motivational drivers that are unique to each stream. Finally, we offer five recommendations for technology entrepreneurs seeking to apply crowdsourcing.},
	keywords = {crowdsourcing, entrepreneur, startup, technology entrepreneurship},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/657},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/657},
	author = {Derek Smith and Mohammad Mehdi Gharaei Manesh and Asrar Alshaikh}
}
@article {656,
	title = {Key Factors Affecting a Technology Entrepreneur{\textquoteright}s Choice of Incubator or Accelerator},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {02/2013},
	pages = {16-22},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Technology entrepreneurship rarely succeeds in isolation; increasingly, it occurs in interconnected networks of business partners and other organizations. For entrepreneurs lacking access to an established business ecosystem, incubators and accelerators provide a possible support mechanism for access to partners and resources. Yet, these relatively recent approaches to supporting entrepreneurship are still evolving. Therefore, it can be challenging for entrepreneurs to assess these mechanisms and to make insightful decisions on whether or not to join an incubator or accelerator, and which incubator or accelerator best meets their needs.

In this article, five key factors that entrepreneurs should take into consideration about incubators and accelerators are offered. Insights are drawn from two surveys of managers and users of incubators and accelerators. An understanding of these five key success factors (stage of venture, fit with incubator{\textquoteright}s mission, selection and graduation policies, services provided, and network of partners) and potential pitfalls will help entrepreneurs confidently enter into a relationship with an incubator or accelerator. },
	keywords = {accelerator, entrepreneur, incubator, technology entrepreneurship, venture},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/656},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/656},
	author = {Diane A. Isabelle}
}
@article {519,
	title = {Editorial: Technology Entrepreneurship (February 2012)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {02/2012},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {entrepreneur, entrepreneurship, technology entrepreneurship},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/519},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/519},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Tony Bailetti}
}
@article {552,
	title = {Editorial: Technology Entrepreneurship (May 2012)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {05/2012},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {entrepreneur, global entrepreneurship, technology entrepreneurship},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/552},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/552},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Tony Bailetti}
}
