@article {1195,
	title = {Collaboration Strategies in Innovation Ecosystems: An Empirical Study of the German Microelectronics and Photonics Industries},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {11/2018},
	pages = {4-12},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Effective collaboration between companies and research organizations is key to successful innovation systems. Against the background of digitalization, a shift from traditional innovation systems towards innovation ecosystems can be observed. In this article, we investigate how companies operating in innovation ecosystems address the challenge of collaboration in dynamic innovation ecosystems. We focus on microelectronics and photonics in Germany as examples of knowledge- and research-intensive industries and analyze the strategies of companies to collaborate with research organizations. We explore whether and to what extent companies develop different and new strategies for collaborating with research institutions within innovation ecosystems, on the basis of which we identify two ideal types of strategies. Whereas ideal type A is aiming towards obtaining specific knowledge in order to further develop a particular technology or product (i.e., towards incremental innovation), ideal type B seeks to harness the new and full potential of innovation ecosystems (i.e., aiming at rather radical innovation). Finally, our findings contribute to a better understanding of innovation ecosystems and give managerial implications for collaborating in such systems. },
	keywords = {business ecosystem, collaboration, development and innovation, innovation ecosystem, innovation ecosystem strategies, knowledge ecosystem, microelectronics, photonics, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1195},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1195},
	author = {Fabian Schroth and Johann Jakob H{\"a}u{\ss}ermann}
}
@article {1194,
	title = {Editorial: Innovation Strategy and Practice (November 2018)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {11/2018},
	pages = {3-3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {best practice, collaboration, creativity, cybersecurity, framework, information security, innovation, innovation ecosystems, maturity model, method, model, practice, research, research institutions, strategy},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1194},
	url = {https://timreview.ca/article/1194},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {1171,
	title = {Q\&A. Innovation and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Research: Where Are We Now and How Do We Move Forward?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {07/2018},
	pages = {52-57},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {approaches, business ecosystem, entrepreneurial ecosystem, innovation ecosystem, methods, research, theoretical foundations},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1171},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1171},
	author = {Paavo Ritala and Robin Gustafsson}
}
@article {1152,
	title = {Science Is Indispensable to Frugal Innovations},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {04/2018},
	pages = {49-56},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In recent years, frugal innovations have become widely popular due to their no-frills nature that entails lower costs. However, most of the frugal innovations, at least at the grassroots level, are makeshift contraptions, made from indigenous ingenuity, that achieve their goals under constraints on various resources but may suffer from limited lifespans due to premature failure. Consequently, it is imperative that sound scientific principles not be overlooked or haphazardly applied in realizing these innovations, irrespective of their grassroots or sophisticated nature. This article therefore argues for the need to use science, sometimes at the cutting edge, to realize grassroots and advanced frugal innovations that are not prone to failure under various working conditions. In so doing, this work advocates the use of classical and new design methodologies that are rooted in science to save resources and, hence lower costs, while aiming for robust functionality of frugal products. In particular, a frugal design approach using a modern version of the safety factor called the {\textquotedblleft}factor of frugality{\textquotedblright} has been propounded to effectively create any type of frugal innovation from scratch. By combining the ingenuity of the resourceful creators of frugal innovations with a scientific approach that aims to make the resulting products {\textquotedblleft}fail proof{\textquotedblright}, such innovations may better contribute value to business and benefits to society.},
	keywords = {factor of frugality, factor of safety, frugal innovation, research, sustainable development},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1152},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1152},
	author = {Balkrishna C. Rao}
}
@article {1075,
	title = {Accelerating Research Innovation by Adopting the Lean Startup Paradigm},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {32-43},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Converting scientific expertise into marketable products and services is playing an increasingly important role in the launching of new ventures, the growth of existing firms, and the creation of new jobs. In this article, we explore how the lean startup paradigm, which validates the market for a product with a business model that can sustain subsequent scaling, has led to a new process model to accelerate innovation. We then apply this paradigm to the context of research at universities and other research organizations. The article is based on the assumption that the organizational context matters, and it shows how a deeper understanding of the research context could enable an acceleration of the innovation process. We complement theoretical examples with a case example from VTT Technical Research Institute of Finland. Our findings show that many of the concepts from early-acceleration phases {\textendash} and the lean startup paradigm {\textendash} can also be relevant in innovation discussions within the research context. However, the phase of value-proposition discovery is less adequately addressed, and that of growth discovery, with its emphasis on building on a scalable, sustainable business does not seem to be addressed with the presented innovation approaches from the research context. Hence, the entrepreneurial activities at the research context differ from those in startups and internal startups in established organizations.},
	keywords = {commercialization, context, innovation, innovation acceleration, innovation paradox, lean startup, research, research organization, VTT},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1075},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1075},
	author = {Kaisa Still}
}
@article {1098,
	title = {How Researchers Use Social Media to Promote their Research and Network with Industry},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {08/2017},
	pages = {32-39},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Social media is now an essential information and interaction channel. Companies advertise and sell their products and services through social media, but this channel has not been so commonly applied to the task of selling knowledge and research work. This article studies the use of social media by researchers to promote their research and network with product developers in industry, and it presents a model of the use of social media by researchers. The data for this research was obtained by interviewing individual researchers of a research organization and surveying product developers from industry. The findings show that social media is seen as a good source of new information and contacts, and it is suitable for promoting awareness of research services and results. The results show that the speed and intensity of social media present challenges for researchers, but by being active in posting content and participating in discussions, researchers can derive benefits and enhance their personal reputations.},
	keywords = {brand building, industry, marketing, networking, promotion, research, researcher, social media},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1098},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1098},
	author = {P{\"a}ivi Jaring and Asta B{\"a}ck}
}
@article {1091,
	title = {Q\&A. Are Universities Ready for Knowledge Commercialization?},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {07/2017},
	pages = {63-68},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {commercialization, entrepreneurship, knowledge, research, technology transfer, universities},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1091},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1091},
	author = {Mohammad Saud Khan}
}
@article {1087,
	title = {Reflecting on 10 Years of the TIM Review},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {07/2017},
	pages = {5-20},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In July 2007, the first issue of this journal was published under the banner of the Open Source Business Resource. Re-launched with a broader scope in 2011 as the Technology Innovation Management Review, the journal now celebrates its 10th anniversary. In this article, we review the 10-year history of the journal to examine what themes have been covered, who has contributed, and how much the articles have been read and cited. During those 10 years, the journal has published 120 monthly issues, including more than 800 publications by more than 800 international authors from industry, academia, the public sector, and beyond. As discovered with topic modelling, the journal has covered seven themes: open source business, technology entrepreneurship, growing a business, research approaches, social innovation, living labs, and cybersecurity. Overall, the website has attracted over 1 million readers from around the world {\textendash} 31\% from Asia, 30\% from the Americas, 26\% from Europe, 8\% from Africa, and 5\% from Oceania {\textendash} with over 25,000 readers now accessing the site each month. },
	keywords = {business, entrepreneurship, innovation, journal, management, open source, OSBR, research, scientometric analyses, technology, TIM Review, topic, topic modelling},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1087},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1087},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Teemu Santonen and Ahmed Shah and Ali Nazari}
}
@article {984,
	title = {Editorial: Entrepreneurial India (May 2016)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2016},
	month = {05/2016},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Brand India, entrepreneurship, higher education institutions, India, intellectual property, Make in India, Open innovation, research, startups},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/984},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/984},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Dharmesh Raval}
}
@article {1013,
	title = {Editorial: Knowledge Mobilization (September 2016)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2016},
	month = {09/2016},
	pages = {3-3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {design, healthcare, knowledge mobilization, knowledge translation, planning, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1013},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1013},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {943,
	title = {Securing Cyberspace: Towards an Agenda for Research and Practice},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {11/2015},
	pages = {26-34},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {In this article, we seek to identify the important challenges preventing security in cyberspace and to identify the key questions that nations should set out to answer to play a leading role in securing cyberspace. An important assertion is that the challenge of securing cyberspace transcends the abilities of any single entity and requires a radical shift in our approach in how: i) research is conducted, ii) cybersecurity researchers are educated, iii) new defendable systems are developed, and iv) effective defensive countermeasures are deployed. Our response draws upon extensive source material and our personal experiences as cybersecurity professionals contributing to the establishment of the VENUS Cybersecurity Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation that aims to make Canada a global leader in cybersecurity. We view the challenge to be global and transdisciplinary in nature and this article to be of relevance world-wide to senior decision makers, policy makers, managers, educators, strategists, futurists, scientists, technologists, and others interested in shaping the online world of the future.},
	keywords = {Canada, challenges, countermeasures, cyber security, cybersafety, cybersecurity, cyberspace, detection, Internet of Things, leadership, mitigation, research, security},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/943},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/943},
	author = {Renaud Levesque and D{\textquoteright}Arcy Walsh and David Whyte}
}
@article {906,
	title = {TIM Lecture Series {\textendash} Three Collaborations Enabling Cybersecurity},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {06/2015},
	pages = {45-48},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {book launch, collaboration, cybersecurity, entrepreneurship, NSA, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/906},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/906},
	author = {Deborah Frincke and Dan Craigen and Ned Nadima and Arthur Low and Michael Thomas}
}
@article {833,
	title = {Editorial: Cybersecurity (October 2014)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	month = {10/2014},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {cyberattacks, cybersecurity, cyberthreats, information technology, network security, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/833},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/833},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Tony Bailetti}
}
@article {710,
	title = {Editorial: Cybersecurity (August 2013)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {08/2013},
	pages = {3-4},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Canada, cyberattacks, cybersecurity, cyberthreats, information technology, network security, research, risk assessment},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/710},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/710},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Tony Bailetti}
}
@article {699,
	title = {Editorial: Cybersecurity (July 2013)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {07/2013},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {Canada, cyberattacks, cybersecurity, cyberthreats, information technology, network security, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/699},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/699},
	author = {Chris McPhee and Tony Bailetti}
}
@article {705,
	title = {Managing Cybersecurity Research and Experimental Development: The REVO Approach},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {07/2013},
	pages = {34-41},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {We present a systematic approach for managing a research and experimental development cybersecurity program that must be responsive to continuously evolving cybersecurity, and other, operational concerns. The approach will be of interest to research-program managers, academe, corporate leads, government leads, chief information officers, chief technology officers, and social and technology policy analysts. The approach is compatible with international standards and procedures published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat (TBS). The key benefits of the approach are the following: i) the breadth of the overall (cybersecurity) space is described; ii) depth statements about specific (cybersecurity) challenges are articulated and mapped to the breadth of the problem; iii) specific (cybersecurity) initiatives that have been resourced through funding or personnel are tracked and linked to specific challenges; and iv) progress is assessed through key performance indicators.

Although we present examples from cybersecurity, the method may be transferred to other domains. We have found the approach to be rigorous yet adaptive to change; it challenges an organization to be explicit about the nature of its research and experimental development in a manner that fosters alignment with evolving business priorities, knowledge transfer, and partner engagement. },
	keywords = {cybersecurity, experimental development, performance indicators, research, research program lifecycle, research-activity descriptions, research-requirement statements, strategic research contexts},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/705},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/705},
	author = {Dan Craigen and Drew Vandeth and D{\textquoteright}Arcy Walsh}
}
@article {715,
	title = {A Research Agenda for Security Engineering},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {08/2013},
	pages = {41-50},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Despite nearly 30 years of research and application, the practice of information system security engineering has not yet begun to exhibit the traits of a rigorous scientific discipline. As cyberadversaries have become more mature, sophisticated, and disciplined in their tradecraft, the science of security engineering has not kept pace. The evidence of the erosion of our digital security {\textendash} upon which society is increasingly dependent {\textendash} appears in the news almost daily.

In this article, we outline a research agenda designed to begin addressing this deficit and to move information system security engineering toward a mature engineering discipline. Our experience suggests that there are two key areas in which this movement should begin. First, a threat model that is actionable from the perspectives of risk management and security engineering should be developed. Second, a practical and relevant security-measurement framework should be developed to adequately inform security-engineering and risk-management processes. Advances in these areas will particularly benefit business/government risk assessors as well as security engineers performing security design work, leading to more accurate, meaningful, and quantitative risk analyses and more consistent and coherent security design decisions.

Threat modelling and security measurement are challenging activities to get right {\textendash} especially when they need to be applied in a general context. However, these are decisive starting points because they constitute the foundation of a scientific security-engineering practice. Addressing these challenges will require stronger and more coherent integration between the sub-disciplines of risk assessment and security engineering, including new tools to facilitate that integration. More generally, changes will be required in the way security engineering is both taught and practiced to take into account the holistic approach necessary from a mature, scientific discipline.},
	keywords = {cybersecurity, information system security engineering, research, risk management, security engineering, security measurement, threat modelling},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/715},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/715},
	author = {Rich Goyette and Yan Robichaud and Fran{\c c}ois Marinier}
}
@article {704,
	title = {Securing Canada{\textquoteright}s Information-Technology Infrastructure: Context, Principles, and Focus Areas of Cybersecurity Research},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {07/2013},
	pages = {12-18},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {This article addresses the challenges of cybersecurity and ultimately the provision of a stable and resilient information-technology infrastructure for Canada and, more broadly, the world. We describe the context of current cybersecurity challenges by synthesizing key source material whose importance was informed by our own real-world experiences. Furthermore, we present a checklist of guiding principles to a unified response, complete with a set of action-oriented research topics that are linked to known operational limitations. The focus areas are used to drive the formulation of a unified and relevant research and experimental development program, thereby moving us towards a stable and resilient cyberinfrastructure. When cybersecurity is viewed as an inherently interdisciplinary problem of societal concern, we expect that fundamentally new research perspectives will emerge in direct response to domain-specific protection requirements for information-technology infrastructure. Purely technical responses to cybersecurity challenges will be inadequate because human factors are an inherent aspect of the problem.

This article will interest managers and entrepreneurs. Senior management teams can assess new technical developments and product releases to fortify their current security solutions, while entrepreneurs can harness new opportunities to commercialize novel technology to solve a high-impact cybersecurity problem..},
	keywords = {Canada, cyberdefence, cyberinfrastructure, cybersecurity, entrepreneurship, experimental development program, information-technology infrastructure, management, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/704},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/704},
	author = {Dan Craigen and D{\textquoteright}Arcy Walsh and David Whyte}
}
@article {632,
	title = {Editorial: Recent Research (December 2012)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {12/2012},
	pages = {3-5},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {consumer IT, electric vehicles, intellectual property, marketing strategy, neuromarketing, open source software, open source software foundations, research, Sprott School of Business, Technology Innovation Management program},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/632},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/632},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
@article {549,
	title = {The Role of Universities in Technology Entrepreneurship},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2012},
	month = {04/2012},
	pages = {35-40},
	abstract = {This article discusses the role that universities play in the process of technology entrepreneurship, where entrepreneurship is restricted to the process of launching and supporting small and medium-sized technology-based businesses. The article briefly discusses a few of the issues that influence a university{\textquoteright}s participation in the process of entrepreneurship. Although there is no {\textquotedblleft}one-size-fits-all{\textquotedblright} model, the article discusses various ways that Canadian universities may help entrepreneurs, including contract research, the provision of business parks, and sensible handling of intellectual property issues.    Finally, the article suggests that the return on {\textquotedblleft}investment{\textquotedblright}, for both the university and the province, is a difficult thing to measure {\textendash} nevertheless, participation in the entrepreneurship process may result in some tangible and intangible benefits for both parties.},
	keywords = {business parks, economic development, entrepreneurship, intellectual property, research, spinoffs, universities},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/549},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/549},
	author = {Jonathan Wells}
}
@article {494,
	title = {Editorial: Recent Research (November 2011)},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {11/2011},
	pages = {3-3},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	keywords = {business ecosystems, entrepreneurship, innovation, open source, policy, research},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/494},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/494},
	author = {Chris McPhee}
}
