@article {1117,
	title = {The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0): A Social Innovation Perspective},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {11/2017},
	pages = {12-20},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The rapid pace of technological developments played a key role in the previous industrial revolutions. However, the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its embedded technology diffusion progress is expected to grow exponentially in terms of technical change and socioeconomic impact. Therefore, coping with such transformation require a holistic approach that encompasses innovative and sustainable system solutions and not just technological ones. In this article, we propose a framework that can facilitate the interaction between technological and social innovation to continuously come up with proactive, and hence timely, sustainable strategies. These strategies can leverage economic rewards, enrich society at large, and protect the environment. The new forthcoming opportunities that will be generated through the next industrial wave are gigantic at all levels. However, the readiness for such revolutionary conversion require coupling the forces of technological innovation and social innovation under the sustainability umbrella. },
	keywords = {fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, social innovation},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/1117},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/1117},
	author = {Rabeh Morrar and Husam Arman and Saeed Mousa}
}
@article {920,
	title = {Technological Public{\textendash}Private Innovation Networks: A Conceptual Framework Describing Their Structure and Mechanism of Interaction},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2015},
	month = {08/2015},
	pages = {25-33},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {Technological public{\textendash}private innovation networks, or TechPPINs, enable cooperation between public and private actors in a complex, dynamic, social, and interactive network structure. In this article, the literature on innovation networks is used to construct a conceptual framework that describes the structure and mechanism of interaction in technological public{\textendash}private innovation networks. In the framework, innovation is created through a dynamic process of interaction between the public and private actors along the network lifecycle. In each stage of network lifecycle, social capital enables various interactions to occur and different modes and quantities of knowledge and technological resources to be exchanged and reinforced. Through a combination of the product lifecycle model and social network analysis, the structure of technological public-private innovation networks are examined at each stage of the lifecycle to reveal information about how the roles of public and private actors are embodied. },
	keywords = {conceptual framework, innovation networks, network lifecycle, networks, public{\textendash}private partnership, social network analysis, technological public{\textendash}private innovation networks, TechPPINs},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/920},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/920},
	author = {Rabeh Morrar}
}
@article {780,
	title = {Innovation in Services: A Literature Review},
	journal = {Technology Innovation Management Review},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2014},
	month = {04/2014},
	pages = {6-14},
	publisher = {Talent First Network},
	address = {Ottawa},
	abstract = {The article reviews the literature relevant to innovation in services, which has flourished since the 1990s. We discuss the definition of service and to what extent the characteristics of service output have influenced the conceptualization of innovation in services. Then, based on the literature review, we develop a conceptual framework for innovation in service sector, which classifies innovation in service sector into three main approaches: i) assimilation, where innovation in the service sector is assimilated from innovation in manufacturing sector; ii) demarcation, which differentiates innovation in service sector from the traditional conceptualization of innovation in manufacturing sector; and iii) synthesis, which aggregates both assimilation and demarcation approaches within a common conceptual framework. We discuss the relationship between innovation in services and economic performance using productivity and employment as two indicators of performance.},
	keywords = {assimilation approach, demarcation approach, economic performance, innovation, service innovation, synthesis approach},
	issn = {1927-0321},
	doi = {http://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/780},
	url = {http://timreview.ca/article/780},
	author = {Rabeh Morrar}
}
